About
Disorders or defects of the valves of the heart, typically the mitral or aortic valves, causing arrhythmias, and/ or sluggish blood flow through the chambers of the heart, sometimes necessitating surgical repair.
Assess
Possible genetic etiology, history of IV drug use or heart infections, dyspnea, angina, fatigue, palpitations, arrhythmias, murmurs, clicks
Complications
Heart failure; myocardial Infarction, stroke, pulmonary embolism; death; infection
Diagnosis
- Decreased cardiac output related to altered stroke volume
- Activity intolerance inability of heart to meet metabolic demands
Goals
- The client will remain free from injury.
- The client will verbalize treatment strategies and when to seek additional follow-up.
- The client will have adequate oxygenation.
Interventions
- Monitor for excess fluid volume ( daily weights, crackles, JVD, edema).
- Monitor vital signs, telemetry ( notify physician immediately for arrhythmia), pulse oximetry.
- Encourage rest during acute illness.
- Administer medications ( anticoagulants, diuretics, amiodarone, beta blockers, etc.) as ordered.
- Teach client about medications including rationale, side effects, dosing schedule.
- Teach client disease treatments and indicators necessitating follow-up.
- Teach client possible pre-medication might be needed prior to all dental procedures.
- Prepare for surgery ( valve replacements, repair, or abscess drainage) as indicated.
- Monitor for signs/ symptoms of complications.
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